S&P 500: 500 large-cap US stocks, ~10% historical return (with dividends)
Dow Jones: 30 blue-chip stocks, ~9% historical return
NASDAQ: Tech-heavy index, ~12% historical return but more volatile
10-Year Treasury: ~4% return, considered risk-free rate
Real Estate: ~8-10% including appreciation and rental income
Inflation: ~3% long-term, what your returns need to beat